Some were hospital nurses, some flew air evacuation missions, and others transported the injured to the nearest healthcare facility. Postdeployment reintegration strategies to protect the. Afghanistan is a country that has been ravaged by years of war and internal strife, all of which threatened the very existence of the nation. The afghanistan peace and reintegration programme aprp is active. An insurgent will only consider coming forward if he is. Mary ellen doherty, phd, cnm, rn, is professor, western connecticut state university, danbury, ct. The disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration ddr process in afghanistan, widely acknowledged as flawed, has contributed to. Unhcrs role in support of the return and reintegration of. This thesis will rely on information collected and analyzed from books, journal and scholarly articles, and newspaper reporting. This report defines reintegration as the longterm process of an excombatant. It is clear that the overall framework of a future ddr process in afghanistan is. Sustainable reintegration to returning refugees in posttaliban afghanistan. Womens civil society groups will replicate this conference in the provinces. The author discusses the factors that increase the likelihood of reintegrating fighters and the key options for fighters as they consider reintegration.
The afghan government identified emerging reintegration opportunities. The reintegration experience of nurses returning from iraq and afghanistan. Pdf sustainable reintegration to returning refugees in. Can military force create peace lessons for afghanistan. The afghanistan peace and reintegration program aprp provides for both reintegration, where fighters leave the fight and peacefully rejoin their communities, and reconciliation, where entire insurgent groups reach a settlement with government of the islamic republic of afghanistan giroa leading to an end to hostilities. Afghanistans disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr program. Based upon discussions with more than 500 ddr programme beneficiaries, the article describes the manner in which the reintegration process increased former combatants and commanders vulnerability to. The winners and losers of the taliban reintegration process. Unclassified unclassified grievance resolution and alternatives to fighting that protect dignity and honour are key to the process, but reintegration also needs community security. Many former insurgents are reintegrating in nonsecure areas, making the communities targets.
This article probes the peace process at the macro, meso, and micro levels within the context of ongoing war. Practical approaches and good practices in return and. The socioeconomic reintegration of taliban in civilian life will depend not only on an effective reintegration programmanagement of which would need to involve taliban representativesbut also on addressing underlying issues such as land disputes, afghanistan s economic prospects, and disarming other factions. However, it requires adjustments and improvements in order to achieve better results. The winners and losers of the taliban reintegration process 04112012 11.
It translates the repatriation, reintegration, rehabilitation and. This report explores that question, drawing on lessons from how similar situations unfolded in burundi. Disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of former. Based on candid interviews with 35 nurses who were deployed for the wars in iraq and afghanistan, this is the first book to reveal the stresses and moral dilemmas they experienced as they transitioned back into everyday life. These are some of the recommendations that can help in improving the program and involving all the citizens. A guide to the afghanistan peace and reintegration program. A central issue for afghanistan in achieving stability is making longlasting peace with the taliban. It provides for both reintegration where fighters leave the fight and peacefully rejoin their communities and reconciliation where entire insurgent groups reach a settlement with giroa that ends hostilities. The truth is that the process of reintegration can last for years, and it can be a. Whether they were active combatants, or scouts, cooks or porters, their experiences leave them traumatized and robbed of a childhood.
Pisano, edd, ncsp, fort bragg schools, nc reintegration as a family after military deployment is not always easy, nor is it something that happens naturally. Nevertheless, experience suggests that afghanistan will ultimately conform to the prevailing postcold war model for ddr in which reintegration follows reconciliation that is, it follows a political process through which political leaders recognized as such by the insurgents, even if these are largely local rather than national leaders. The reintegration process for lowerlevel excombatants will continue, but the high peace council hpc will be reformed. Former combatant reintegration and fragmentation in. Without a well planned ddr process, the peace will be more unmanageable than the war. A decade after the 2001invasion, with new returns at an alltime low, refugee reintegration began to slip off the agenda of development donors who sought to align their programming ever more closely to afghanistan s national priority programs which did not focus on reintegration. Designing a comprehensive peace process for afghanistan from peace talks to a comprehensive peace process the transition from war to peace in afghanistan requires much more than highlevel negotiations and lowlevel reintegration efforts. Pdf disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of former. The handbook for repatriation and reintegration activities the handbook is a guide for united nations high commissioner for refugees unhcr and partner staff in the field to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate repatriation and reintegration activities. Supported by our local partner, the research institute for women, peace, and security, 89 female members of afghanistan s provincial peace councils representing 34 provinces developed these. Identity adjustment among afghanistan and iraq war veterans with reintegration difficulty article in psychological trauma theory research practice and policy 9suppl 1 november 2016 with 121 reads. Afghanistan peace and reintegration program reliable papers.
Because reintegration is a process, not an event, it requires time and effort, as well as an understanding that each individual has changed during the separation. Identity adjustment among afghanistan and iraq war. While reintegration is a process taking place in different return contexts for example following spontaneous, forced or assisted voluntary returns, or internal displacement, the handbook focuses on assistance provided to migrants unable or unwilling to remain in the host country. Former combatant reintegration and fragmentation in contemporary. Recalibrating the afghan reconciliation program article.
Motivations, goals, and the reconciliation and reintegration process by andrew garfield and alicia boyd andrew garfield is senior fellow of the foreign policy research institute and president of glevum associates, llc, a firm that has been conducting sociocultural field research in iraq and afghanistan since 2006. Bowe bergdahl has been allowed to go to a grocery store, restaurants, shopping centers, and a library with official supervision. Benita koeman of operation we are here is a participant in the amazon services llc associates program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to. In terms of geography, colombia is about 75 percent larger than afghanistan. The process is known as demobilization, disarmament, and reintegration. Mary ellen doherty, phd, cnm, rn, is professor, western. What does a responsible end to war in afghanistan mean. Reintegration should not be a reactive process in which afghan and international secu. Search the worlds most comprehensive index of fulltext books. However if there is to be a genuine peace process, another illthought out reintegration programme, or any other premature funding to promote peace could be poison. Strategic policy contradictions and lacunas 61 army at musa qala in helmand province. Reintegration problems and treatment interests among iraq.
Bowe bergdahl ventures into public as reintegration continues sgt. Designing a comprehensive peace process for afghanistan. The success of any such agreement will depend in large part on whether taliban commanders and fighters can assume new roles in afghan politics, the security forces, or civilian life. Between 1960 and 1991, the army engaged in only 10 operational events. Afghanistan who are granted full reintegration assistance. Colombia provides some valuable lessons that will be insightful when considering ddr for afghanistan especially for how the military, which will almost inevitably play a role in the process, can best contribute to building sustainable peace. Afghanistan peace and reintegration programme undp support. Particularly as afghanistan heads into elections, any programme seeking. During the first quarter q1 2015, aprp has continued supporting the. Demobilization and disarmament are fairly straightforward.
It is an up close and personal account of the reintegration experience from the perspective of nurses who served in the clinical trenches of iraq and afghanistan. It explores the context of a future afghan ddr process under three main subheadings. While reintegration is a process taking place in different return contexts for example following spontaneous, forced or assisted voluntary returns, or internal displacement, the handbook focuses on assistance provided to migrants unable or. Through a process of removing weapons from the hands of members of armed groups, taking these combatants out of their groups and helping them to reintegrate as civilians into society, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration seeks to support excombatants and those associated with armed groups, so that they can become active participants in the peace process. The afghanistan peace and reintegration programme aprp has worked since 2010 to promote peace, reconciliation and security in afghan communities through outreach, reintegration, and community recovery.
She teaches nursing students at the undergraduate, masters, and doctorate levels. Reintegration is the reintroduction back into society of children who were formerly associated with armed groups or armed forces in a peaceful and sustainable way. Learning how to live together again, how to begin sharing the roles and authority in the familythese can become very real points of contention, leading to fighting and frustration. The failure to respond to the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of such former combatants can cause high levels of insecurity, at worst a resumption of armed conflict. Doherty is also an active researcher specializing in womens health and midwifery, although her most recent work focuses on nurses experiences in the iraq and afghanistan wars and their reintegration.
Ideally, reintegration would be a postconflict activity. The afghanistan peace and reintegration program is a suitable program for a country like afghanistan. For example, out of the 4,833 tcns that returned to afghanistan from greece in 20, less than 1% received reintegration assistance, whilst norway granted all returnees returning to afghanistan both forced and voluntary reintegration assistance 100%. This handbook aims to provide practical guidance on the design, implementation and monitoring of reintegration assistance for returnees. The afghanistan peace and reintegration programme aprp has worked since 2010 to promote peace, reconciliation and security in afghan communities through outreach, reintegration, and. Afghanistan peace and reintegration programme undp. This book is an amazing piece of scholarship by two nursing professors. Militias must be disbanded and their weapons secured. Reintegrating refugees and internally displaced women. Recommendations for afghanistans peace and reintegration process.
At the same time that the sizes of the services have been decreasing, the operational tempo of the military has increased to an historic high. It will also be useful to policymakers and government institutions working in the area. Demobilization, disarmament, and reintegration in afghanistan. The disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration ddr process in afghanistan, widely acknowledged as flawed, has contributed to fragmentation and insecurity within afghanistan. Stability in afghanistan is inextricably linked with a negotiated peace settlement. There are many obstacles that stand in the way of a smooth reintegration process.
Bowe bergdahl ventures into public as reintegration continues. Reintegration handbook practical guidance on the design. Coping strategies for troops returning from iraq and afghanistan and their. Options for reintegrating taliban fighters in an afghan. This book will be indispensable for scholars and researchers of economics, development studies, migration and diaspora studies, labour studies and sociology. Reintegration problems and treatment interests among iraq and afghanistan combat veterans receiving va medical care objective. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration united. Isaf reintegration guide force reintegration cell hq isaf 22 nov 10. In the current parlance of the afghanistan conflict, reintegration is the wartime effort to persuade rankandfile insurgents to quit fighting and lay down their arms. This document examines reintegrating mid and lowlevel insurgents into their local communities in afghanistan and outlines steps to facilitate that reintegration process. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence and types of community reintegration problems among iraq and afghanistan combat veterans who receive u. Examines reintegrating taliban and other insurgents into their local communities in afghanistan and outlines steps to facilitate that reintegration process. Peace negotiations afghanistan research institute for women, peace, and security april 2015.
Afghanistan peace and reintegration program politics. In countries affected by war, the cessation of hostilities inevitably produces a large number of demobilized combatants, most of them lacking any basic means of support or livelihood. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration jstor. Military reintegration books operation we are here. Discover delightful childrens books with prime book box, a subscription that delivers new books every 1, 2, or 3. Best listing of books to help with reintegration following a military deployment. The afghan cso facilitated a pilot ddr programme based on mediation and. Recommendations for afghanistans peace and reintegration. Launching reintegration while afghanistan is still in a state of active conflict has complicated the reintegration process.
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